CNC Spindle Comparison

When buying a Shapeoko CNC Router, you have a few spindle options to choose from, a compact router or a VFD spindle.

Compact Routers

A compact router is the most common spindle for a small CNC router. It's the same as a regular handheld trim router, with the fixed base removed.

Advantages:

  • Use it in any 110V outlet
  • Easy to set up
  • Inexpensive

Disadvantages:

  • Limited power compared to a VFD spindle.
  • Use cutters with a shank up to 1/4".
  • Brushes need to be replaced periodically.
  • Loud.
  • RPM and power are manually controlled.

VFD Spindles

A VFD spindle is a two-part system, a spindle and a VFD drive. The spindle is a brushless motor that's designed to run for thousands of hours if it's treated well. The only moving parts are the bearings, and there are no brushes to wear out.

The spindles are generally precision machined and well-balanced so they're much quieter than a trim router. The VFD drive is a box that converts AC power to a signal that's suitable to drive the spindle. Our VFD boxes have a connection to the machine controller so the CNC router can control the spindle speed in real time. All things being equal, a VFD spindle is a better choice than a trim router, as long as the additional expense is not a burden.

Advantages:

  • More power than a compact router.
  • Quieter.
  • Less runout than a compact router ("runout" is the amount of "wobble" at the tip of the cutter)
  • Use cutters with a shank up to 3/8" (65mm VFD spindle).
  • Use cutters with a shank up to 1/2" (80mm VFD spindle).
  • The VFD is controlled by your G-code, so you can control the spindle speed from the design software.

Disadvantages:

  • More expensive than a compact router.
  • May not work on a GFCI outlet.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I upgrade to a VFD spindle from a compact router? Yes, the unit is designed to be plug-and play, so you can upgrade any time.

Why is the spindle/router not included in the price of the machine? Everyone has different needs, and has a different budget. We want to give you the flexibility to choose the best spindle for your needs and your budget, instead of including something that might not be the best fit for you.